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The Essays 'Thoughts on History,' 'Formative Influences,''Madame de Staël,' 'Israel among the Nations,' 'Old-agePensions,' appeared originally in the American Review, theForum—the first under the title of 'The Art of WritingHistory'; 'Ireland in the Light of History,' in the NorthAmerican Review. Those on Sir Robert Peel, Mr. Henry Reeve,and Dean Milman were written for the Edinburgh Review. TheEssay on 'Queen Victoria as a Moral Force' appeared first i